![]() Åsa Regnér, Deputy Executive Director for Policy, Programme, Civil Society and Intergovernmental Support.UN Under-Secretary-General and UN Women Executive Director Sima Bahous.UN Trust Fund to End Violence against Women.Opportunities for NGOs to address the Commission.Violent conflicts are measured by the instruments for the use of force (use of weapons and use of personnel) and the consequences of the use of force (casualties, refugees and demolition). The last three are violent conflicts, whereas a dispute is a political conflict carried out completely without resorting to violence in a non-violent crisis one of the actors is threatened with violence. These levels of conflict are distinguished by the stage of physical violence applied in the course of conflict. ![]() Regarding the intensity of a political conflict the HIIK distinguishes five levels of intensity: dispute, non-violent crises, violent crises, limited war und war. The conflict must be carried out using observable and interrelated conflict means that lie beyond established regulatory procedures and threaten a core state function or the order of international law, or hold out the prospect to do so. In 2022, there were 174 instances of violent crisis recorded globally, compared to 21 wars and 21 limited wars.Īccording to the new conflict methodology in Heidelberg, the HIIK understands a political conflict as a positional difference regarding values relevant to a society, between at least two involved actors, for example ethnic or religious groups or governments. Despite the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022, which has come to dominate international news, the overall number of conflicts worldwide decreased since 2013.
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